Martha Karua is one of Kenya’s most prominent political figures and a leading voice for justice, democracy, and women’s rights. As a seasoned lawyer, long‑serving Member of Parliament, and former Cabinet minister, Karua has played a central role in shaping Kenya’s political landscape. Her journey, from a humble village upbringing to national leadership, reflects resilience, determination, and unwavering commitment to public service. This article explores her biography, career, legacy, controversies, and public image, offering a full picture of Martha Karua.
Biography
Early Life and Family Background
- Full name: Martha Wangari Karua
- Date of birth: 22 September 1957
- Age: 68 years old as of 2025
- Birthplace: Kimunye village, Gichugu Constituency, Kirinyaga County, Kenya
- Family: Second born in a family of eight (four girls and four boys)
Her father was a schoolteacher, and her mother left teaching after marriage. Growing up, Karua helped with domestic and farm work while caring for younger siblings. These early responsibilities shaped her values of hard work, resilience, and self-reliance, qualities that would later define her career.
Education
Martha Karua’s education journey laid the foundation for her career in law and politics:
- Attended various primary and secondary schools, including Kabare Girls Boarding School
- Studied law at the University of Nairobi from 1977 to 1980
- Attended Kenya School of Law from 1980 to 1981
- Later earned a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from United States International University – Africa
Her educational background, especially in law, would become instrumental in shaping her path as a human rights advocate and politician.
Career Overview
Martha Karua’s career spans decades, combining law, activism, and politics. Her dedication to justice, democratic reforms, and women’s rights has earned her both respect and the label “Iron Lady” of Kenyan politics.
Legal Career
- Magistrate (1981–1987): She worked in Makadara, Nakuru, and Kibera courts, gaining recognition for fairness and discernment.
- Private practice: In 1987, she established Martha Karua & Co. Advocates, handling significant constitutional and human-rights cases, defending opposition figures and activists.
Through her legal work, she became known for defending civil liberties and human rights.
Political Career
- Member of Parliament (MP) for Gichugu Constituency: Entered politics in 1992 and served until 2013, completing four consecutive terms.
- Ministerial positions:
- Minister for Water Resources Management and Development (2003–2005)
- Minister for Justice, National Cohesion and Constitutional Affairs (2005–2009)
- Advocate for constitutional reform and human rights: She was at the forefront of pushing for rule of law, democratic space, and women’s rights.
- 2013 Presidential Run: Ran for president under NARC–Kenya, becoming the third woman in Kenya’s history to vie for the nation’s top seat. She came sixth.
- 2022 Deputy Presidential Candidacy: Selected as the running mate to Raila Odinga under the Azimio la Umoja–One Kenya Coalition, becoming the first woman in Kenyan history to run on a major party ticket for Deputy President.
Karua’s career illustrates a sustained commitment to governance, reform, and justice combining her legal background and political ambitions.
Controversies and Criticisms
Martha Karua has faced controversies and criticisms:
- Campaign donations: In 2015, she was linked to alleged campaign donations from British American Tobacco (BAT). Critics argued this undermined her reputation for integrity and anti-corruption stance. She defended herself, stating the donation was personal and not a bribe.
- Political pushback: As a woman challenging patriarchal political norms, she faced criticism for being “too tough” or lacking populist appeal compared to other politicians.
Despite these controversies, her record of advocacy, reform, and public service has remained the dominant narrative.
Net Worth and Financial Overview
Understanding her financial situation:
- During her 2013 presidential bid, she declared assets including a Nairobi home (approx. KSh 40 million), a car (approx. KSh 6 million), and land in Tigoni (approx. KSh 10 million)
- By 2022, her net worth was estimated at KSh 150 million
- Her assets reportedly include:
- A house in Nairobi
- A rural home in Kirinyaga (Gichugu)
- Land in Tigoni, Kiambu County
Despite her wealth, Karua emphasizes public service over personal gain, reinforcing her reputation for integrity.
Legacy and Significance
Martha Karua’s legacy is multifaceted:
- Champion for women’s rights: She inspired women to participate in leadership. Her 2013 presidential run and 2022 vice-presidential candidacy were historic milestones.
- Advocate for rule of law and human rights: Defended activists and opposition figures, promoted constitutional governance.
- Voice for democracy: Played a pivotal role in Kenya’s transition to multi-party democracy and constitutional reform.
- Public service and integrity: Maintains a relatively modest lifestyle compared to many politicians, emphasizing transparency.
- Role model for future generations: Her journey from village life to national prominence is inspiring, especially for young women.
Karua’s significance lies not only in her positions but in her embodiment of integrity, resilience, and principled leadership.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How old is Martha Karua?
She was born on 22 September 1957, making her 68 years old as of 2025.
What is her educational background?
Studied law at the University of Nairobi, attended Kenya School of Law, and earned an MBA from USIU–Africa.
What are the major political positions she has held?
MP for Gichugu (1992–2013), Minister for Water Resources (2003–2005), Minister for Justice (2005–2009), and 2022 Deputy Presidential candidate.
What is her net worth?
Estimated at KSh 150 million in 2022, including properties in Nairobi, Kirinyaga, and Tigoni.
Has she ever run for President?
Yes, in 2013 under NARC–Kenya. She came sixth.
Why is she called the “Iron Lady”?
For her principled, outspoken, and uncompromising stand on justice, human rights, constitutionalism, and women’s rights.
Conclusion
Martha Karua’s life and career embody courage, integrity, and a steadfast commitment to justice and democratic values. From her early days in Kimunye village to decades of public service, she has demonstrated resilience and principle. As a trailblazer for women’s political participation and a vocal advocate for constitutionalism and human rights, she remains one of Kenya’s most respected leaders.
Disclaimer: This biography is compiled from publicly available information and is meant solely for informational purposes. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, certain details may vary or be open to interpretation.
